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and this contradicts the wording of Hishām as is apparent, so it is rejected due to the contradiction. And Allāh knows best.
وهذا مخالف للفظ هشام كما هو ظاهر، فهو منكر من أجل المخالفة. والله أعلم.
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"Indeed, the merchants are the wicked." It was said, "O Messenger of Allāh, has Allāh not permitted trade?" He said, "Yes, but they speak and lie, and they swear oaths and sin." It was narrated by Aḥmad (3/428), al-Ṭaḥāwī in "al-Mushkil" (3/12), and al-Ḥākim (2/6-7) from Hishām al-Dustuwāʾī from Yaḥyá ibn Abī Kathīr who said: Abū Rāshid al-Ḥabranī told me that he heard ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Shibl say it, and he mentioned it as a marfūʿ ḥadīth. Al-Ḥākim said: "Its isnād is authentic, and Hishām ibn Abī ʿAbd Allāh mentioned the hearing of Yaḥyá ibn Abī Kathīr from Abū Rāshid, and Hishām is trustworthy and reliable, and Abān ibn Yazīd al-ʿAṭṭār inserted Zayd ibn Salām between them." Al-Dhahabī agreed with him. And it is as they said. Then it was also narrated by al-Ḥākim and Ibn ʿAsākir (7/486/2) from Abān with it. Ibn ʿAsākir explicitly mentioned Yaḥyá's hearing from Zayd ibn Salām as well. Maʿmar disagreed with them and said: from Yaḥyá ibn Abī Kathīr from Zayd ibn Salām from his grandfather who said: Muʿāwiyah wrote to ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Shibl to teach the people what he heard from the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam), so he gathered them and said: and he mentioned it as a marfūʿ ḥadīth. It was narrated by Ibn ʿAsākir
" إن التجار هم الفجار. قيل يا رسول الله: أو ليس قد أحل الله البيع؟ قال:بلى، ولكنهم يحدثون فيكذبون، ويحلفون فيأثمون ". رواه أحمد (٣ / ٤٢٨) والطحاوي في " المشكل " (٣ / ١٢) والحاكم (٢ / ٦ -٧) عن هشام الدستوائي عن يحيى بن أبي كثير قال: حدثني أبو راشد الحبراني سمع عبد الرحمن بن شبل يقول: فذكره مرفوعا. وقال الحاكم: " صحيح الإسناد، وقد ذكر هشام بن أبي عبد الله سماع يحيى بن أبي كثير من أبي راشد، وهشام ثقة مأمون، وأدخل أبان بن يزيد العطار بينهما زيد بن سلام " ووافقه الذهبي. وهو كما قالا. ثم أخرجه الحاكم وابن عساكر (٧ / ٤٨٦ / ٢) عن أبان به. وصرح ابن عساكر بسماع يحيى من زيد بن سلام أيضا. وخالفهم معمر فقال: عن يحيى بن أبي كثير عن زيد بن سلام عن جده قال: كتب معاوية إلى عبد الرحمن بن شبل أن علم الناس ما سمعت من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فجمعهم فقال: فذكره مرفوعا. رواه ابن عساكر.
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