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the devil, so avoid it that you may be successful" to His saying: "So will you not desist?" A man said: O Messenger of Allāh! What is the status of those among us who died while drinking it?! Then Allāh revealed: "There is no sin upon those who believe and do righteous deeds for what they have consumed..." [the verse]. A man said to Qatādah: Did you hear it from Anas ibn Mālik? He said: Yes, and a man said to Anas ibn Mālik: Did you hear it from the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam)?! He said: Yes, or someone who did not lie told me, by Allāh! We did not lie, nor did we know what lying was. It was recorded by Ibn Jarīr (7/24-25), and al-Bazzār (3/351/2922). Its isnād is good, and Ibn Kathīr remained silent about it in "Tafsīr" (2/93-94), as did al-Ḥāfiẓ in "al-Fatḥ" (8/279), and he attributed it to Ibn Mardawayh only as a witness for the addition in which Ḥammād doubted in the first path. Al-Suyūṭī also attributed it in "al-Durr al-Manthūr" (2/321) to Abū al-Shaykh. 2 - As for the ḥadīth of Abū Hurayrah; it is narrated by Abū Maʿshar from Abū Wahb from him, who said: Wine was prohibited three times: the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) came to Madīnah while they were drinking wine and eating gambling gains, so they asked the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) about them? Then Allāh revealed to His Prophet (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam): "They ask you about wine and gambling. Say, 'In them is great sin and [yet, some] benefit for people. But their sin is greater than their benefit...'" to the end of the verse, so the people said: It was not prohibited for us, He only said: "In them is great sin"! They continued to drink wine, until one day; a man from the Muhājirīn led his companions in the Maghrib prayer and mixed up in his recitation, so Allāh revealed a harsher verse about it: "O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying."
الشيطان فاجتنبوه لعلكم تفلحون" إلى قوله: "فهل أنتم منتهون"؛ فقال رجل:يا رسول الله! فما منزلة من مات منا وهو يشربها؟! فأنزل الله تعالى: "ليس علىالذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات جناح فيما طعموا ... " الآية. فقال رجل لقتادة: سمعته من أنس بن مالك؟ قال: نعم، وقال رجل لأنسابن مالك: أنت سمعته من رسول الله ﷺ؟! قال: نعم، أو حدثني من لم يكذب،والله! ما كنا نكذب، ولا ندري ما الكذب. أخرجه ابن جرير (٧/٢٤ ـ ٢٥) ، والبزار (٣/٣٥١/٢٩٢٢) .وإسناده حسن، وسكت عنه ابن كثير في «التفسير» (٢/٩٣- ٩٤) ، وكذاالحافظ في «الفتح» (٨/٢٧٩) ، وعزاه لابن مردويه فقط كشاهد للزيادة التي شكفيها حماد في الطريق الأولى. وعزاه السيوطي في «الدر المنثور» (٢/ ٣٢١) لأبي الشيخ أيضاً. ٢ - وأما حديث أبي هريرة؛ فيرويه أبو معشر عن أبي وهب عنه قال:حرمت الخمر ثلاث مرات:قدم رسول الله ﷺ المدينة وهم يشربون الخمر، ويأكلون الميسر، فسألوا رسولالله ﷺ عنهما؟ فأنزل الله على نبيه ﷺ: "يسألونك عن الخمر والميسر قل فيهماإثم كبير ومنافع للناس وإثمهما أكبر من نفعهما ... " إلى آخر الآية، فقالالناس: ما حُرِّمَ علينا، إنما قال: "فيهما إثم كبيرة"! وكانوا يشربون الخمر، حتى إذا كان يوم من الأيام؛ صلى رجل من المهاجرينـ أمَّ أصحابه في المغرب ـ خلط في قراءته، فأنزل الله فيها آية أغلظ منها: "يا أيهاالذين آمنوا لا تقربوا الصلاة وأنتم سكارى حتى تعلموا ما تقولون".
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