and I found a supporting narration for the ḥadīth with the wording, "Clean your courtyards, for the Jews are the most unclean of people." It was narrated by Wakīʿ in "al-Zuhd" (2/65/1): Ibrāhīm al-Makkī narrated to us from ʿAmr ibn Dīnār from Abū Jaʿfar in a marfūʿ manner. This isnād is weak; Ibrāhīm al-Makkī is Ibn Yazīd al-Khuzāʾī, whose ḥadīth is abandoned, as mentioned in "al-Taqrīb." As for Abū Jaʿfar, I do not know him. It appears he is a Tābiʿī, thus it is mursal. In summary, the chains of this ḥadīth are weak, except for the first one, which is ḥasan, and it is relied upon, with the exception of al-Bazzār's chain as previously mentioned. And Allāh knows best. (al-Afnīyah) is the plural of (fanāʾ), which is the courtyard in front of the house.

- "When he prayed the Fajr prayer, he would wait until the sun was here—meaning from the east—at the same distance as it would be from the ʿAṣr prayer here—from the west—then he would stand and pray two rakʿahs. Then he would wait until the sun was here, meaning from the east, at the same distance as it would be from the Ẓuhr prayer..