it is washed. It is mentioned in the wording of the ḥadīth that it is the seat of the devil, and perhaps what is meant is the lack of cleanliness." I said: Perhaps this latter meaning is more appropriate, because the first meaning only becomes apparent if the notch is large, and in that case, it specifies the meaning of "the notch," which is not suitable for its general use. In contrast, the other meaning fits the general usage, as it has now been microscopically proven that the notch—whether small or large—is a gathering place for harmful germs and microbes, and that washing the vessel in the usual manner does not purify it; rather, it may increase them. Thus, the wise lawgiver prohibited drinking from it for fear that some of them might enter the drinker's stomach and cause harm. So the prohibition is a precise medical one. And Allāh knows best. As for the wording mentioned by Ibn al-Athīr: "the seat of the devil," I have not found it except in the wording: "for the devil drinks from it," which is recorded in "al-Ḍaʿīfah" (654).

- "Whoever equips a warrior in the path of Allāh has a reward equal to his, and whoever looks after a warrior's family with goodness or spends on his family has a reward equal to his." It was recorded by al-Ṭabarānī in the biography of Maḥmūd ibn Muḥammad al-Marwazī from "al-Awsaṭ" number (8047): Maḥmūd narrated to us, Wahb informed us, Khālid informed us from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Isḥāq from Mūsá ibn ʿUqbah from Muḥammad ibn Zayd from Bishr ibn Saʿīd from Zayd ibn Thābit from the Prophet (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) who said: and he mentioned it, and said: "No one narrated it from Muḥammad ibn Zayd except ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Isḥāq." I said: He is al-ʿĀmirī al-Qurashī, their ally, and there is a difference of opinion about him. Muslim and al-Bukhārī have recorded from him in a suspended form, but al-Ḥākim said: