"he has errors." It is feared that he may have erred regarding al-Thawrī in his narration from him about Ḥabīb, contrary to the narration of the two trustworthy narrators mentioned in Aḥmad's narration. Moreover, Ḥabīb is known to obscure his sources.

- "The suffering of the believer is an expiation for his sins." It was recorded by Ibn Abī al-Dunyā in "al-Maraḍ wa-al-Kaffārāt" (folio 164/1 and 172/1) and al-Ḥākim (1/347) from ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Mūsá: Isrāʾīl informed us from ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mukhtār from Ibn Sīrīn from Abū Hurayrah who said: I heard the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) say: and he mentioned it. Al-Ḥākim said: "Authentic," and al-Dhahabī agreed with him. I say: it meets the criteria of Muslim. Al-Ḥākim mentioned it as supporting evidence. Ibn Abī Ḥātim criticized it for a strange reason, saying in "al-ʿIlal" (2/167): "I found this ḥadīth strange, so I examined it, and it turned out to be an error. Ḥammād ibn Zayd narrated it from Ayyūb from Muḥammad ibn Sīrīn from Abū al-Rabāb al-Qushayrī from Abū al-Dardāʾ who said: 'The suffering of the believer...' from his own words, not attributed [to the Prophet]." The ḥadīth has many supporting narrations, many of which were thoroughly collected by al-Mundhirī at the end of "al-Targhīb," and a group of them has already been mentioned. See, for example, the ḥadīths: (272, 714, 1103, and 1611). (al-waṣb): pain and illness.