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"a man came to the Prophet (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) and said: I gave my mother a garden of mine, and she died leaving no heir other than me. The Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said: ..." and he mentioned it. I said: This is a good isnād for the well-known disagreement regarding ʿAmr ibn Shuʿayb from his father from his grandfather. It has a corroborating narration from ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAṭāʾ from ʿAbd Allāh ibn Buraydah from his father who said: "While I was sitting with the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam), a woman came to him and said: I gave charity on behalf of my mother with a slave girl, and she died. He said: Your reward is assured, and the inheritance returns to you." It was recorded by Muslim (3/156-157) and Ibn Mājah (2394) and others. There is a third story narrated by Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh: "A man from the Anṣār gave his mother a garden of date palms during her lifetime, and she died. His brothers came and said: We are equal partners in it. He refused, so they disputed before the Prophet (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam), and he divided it among them as inheritance." It was recorded by Aḥmad (3/299) through two chains from Sufyān al-Thawrī from Ḥumayd ibn Qays al-Aʿraj from Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm from him. I said: This isnād is authentic according to the criteria of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. Muʿāwiyah ibn Hishām contradicted them, narrating from Sufyān from Ḥabīb—meaning Ibn Abī Thābit—from al-Aʿraj from Ṭāriq al-Makkī from Jābir similarly, and in it: "Her son said: I only gave it to her during her lifetime—and he had brothers—so the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said: It is hers in her life and in her death. He said: You gave it to her as charity. He said: That is further for you." It was recorded by Abū Dāwūd (3557). And Muʿāwiyah ibn Hishām—who is al-Qaṣṣār al-Kūfī—although he is trustworthy among the men of Muslim, the ḥāfiẓ said:
" جاء رجل إلى النبي ﷺ فقال: إني أعطيت أمي حديقة لي، وإنها ماتت ولم تترك وارثا غيري، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: ... ". فذكره. قلت: وهذا إسناد حسن للخلاف المعروف في عمرو بن شعيب عن أبيه عن جده. وله شاهد من حديث عبد الله بن عطاء عن عبد الله بن بريدة عن أبيه قال: " بينا أنا جالس عند رسول الله ﷺ إذ أتته امرأة، فقالت: إني تصدقت على أمي بجارية وإنها ماتت؟ قال: فقال: وجب أجرك، وردها عليك الميراث ". أخرجه مسلم (٣ / ١٥٦ - ١٥٧) وابن ماجة (٢٣٩٤) وغيرهما. وهناك قصة ثالثة رواها جابر بن عبد الله: " أن رجلا من الأنصار أعطى أمه حديقة من نخل حياتها، فماتت، فجاء إخوته فقالوا: نحن فيه شرع سواء، فأبى، فاختصموا إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقسمها بينهم ميراثا ". أخرجه أحمد (٣ / ٢٩٩) من طريقين عن سفيان الثوري عن حميد بن قيس الأعرج عن محمد بن إبراهيم عنه. قلت: وهذا إسناد صحيح على شرط الشيخين. وخالفهما معاوية بن هشام حدثنا سفيان عن حبيب - يعني ابن أبي ثابت - عن الأعرج عن طارق المكي عن جابر نحوه، وفيه: " فقال ابنها: إنما أعطيتها حياتها - وله أخوة - فقال رسول الله ﷺ: هي لها حياتها وموتها. قال: كنت تصدقت بها عليها. قال: ذلك أبعد لك ". أخرجه أبو داود (٣٥٥٧). ومعاوية بن هشام - وهو القصار الكوفي - وإن كان صدوقا من رجال مسلم، فقد قال الحافظ:
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