he loves only for His sake; he does not love anything for its own sake except Allāh. And whenever this is not achieved for him, he has not realized the true essence of "there is no deity except Allāh," nor has he realized tawḥīd, servitude, and love for Allāh. He will have a deficiency in tawḥīd and faith, and indeed, he will experience pain, regret, and torment according to that deficiency. And if he strives for this goal without seeking help from Allāh, relying on Him, and feeling his need for Him in achieving it, he will not attain it. For whatever Allāh wills occurs, and whatever He does not will does not occur. Thus, he is in need of Allāh both as the sought-after, beloved, desired, and worshiped, and as the One to whom he turns for help, relies upon, and trusts. He is his deity, and there is no deity for him other than Him, and He is his Lord, and there is no lord for him besides Him. His servitude to Allāh is not complete except through these two [aspects]. Whenever he loves something other than Allāh for its own sake or turns to something other than Allāh for assistance, he becomes a servant to what he loves and a servant to what he hopes for, according to his love and hope for it. And if he does not love anyone for their own sake except Allāh, and whatever he loves besides Him, he loves it for His sake, and he never hopes for anything except from Allāh. And if he acts upon causes or achieves anything from them, he observes that Allāh is the One who created them, decreed them, and subjected them for him. And that everything in the heavens and the earth, Allāh is its Lord, Sovereign, Creator, and Subjugator, and he is in need of Him. Then he has attained complete servitude to Allāh according to what has been allotted to him of that