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Servitude
Ibn Taymiyyah
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It is narrated from ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (raḍiya Allāhu ʿanhu) that he said: "Greed is poverty, and despair is wealth. If one of you despairs of something, he becomes independent of it." This is something a person finds within himself, for when he despairs of something, he does not seek it, nor does he desire it, and his heart does not remain needy for it or for the one who does it. However, if he desires something and hopes for it, his heart becomes attached to it, and he becomes needy for its attainment and for the one he believes is a cause for its attainment. This applies to wealth, status, appearances, and other such matters. Khalīl (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said [Sūrah al-ʿAnkabūt, 17]: "So seek provision from Allāh and worship Him and be grateful to Him. To Him you will be returned." A servant inevitably needs provision, and he is in need of it. If he seeks his provision from Allāh, he becomes a servant of Allāh, needy for Him. But if he seeks it from a created being, he becomes a servant to that created being, needy for him. For this reason, asking from a created being is originally prohibited, and it is only permitted out of necessity. There are many ḥadīths in the "Ṣiḥāḥ," "Sunan," and "Musnad" collections that prohibit it. Like his saying (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam): "Asking will continue with one of you until he comes on the Day of Resurrection with no flesh on his face." And he said: "Whoever asks people while he has what suffices him will come..
ويروى عَن عمر بن الْخطاب رضى الله عَنهُ أَنه قَالَ: الطمع فقر واليأس غنى وَإِن أحدكُم إِذا يئس من شئ اسْتغنى عَنهُ. وَهَذَا أَمر يجده الْإِنْسَان من نَفسه فَإِن الْأَمر الَّذِي ييأس مِنْهُ لَا يَطْلُبهُ وَلَا يطْمع فِيهِ وَلَا يبْقى قلبه فَقِيرا إِلَيْهِ وَلَا إِلَى من يَفْعَله. وَأما إِذا طمع فِي أَمر من الْأُمُور ورجاه فَإِن قلبه يتَعَلَّق بِهِ فَيصير فَقِيرا إِلَى حُصُوله وَإِلَى من يظنّ أَنه سَبَب فِي حُصُوله وَهَذَا فِي المَال والجاه والصور وَغير ذَلِك. قَالَ الْخَلِيل ﷺ [١٧ العنكبوت] : ﴿فابتغوا عِنْد الله الرزق واعبدوه واشكروا لَهُ إِلَيْهِ ترجعون﴾. فَالْعَبْد لَا بُد لَهُ من رزق وَهُوَ مُحْتَاج إِلَى ذَلِك فَإِذا طلب رزقه من الله صَار عبدا لله فَقِيرا إِلَيْهِ وَإِذا طلبه من مَخْلُوق صَار عبدا لذَلِك الْمَخْلُوق فَقِيرا إِلَيْهِ. وَلِهَذَا كَانَت مَسْأَلَة الْمَخْلُوق مُحرمَة فِي الأَصْل وَإِنَّمَا أبيحت للضَّرُورَة وَفِي النهى عَنْهَا أَحَادِيث كَثِيرَة فِي " الصِّحَاح " و " السّنَن " و " المسانيد ". كَقَوْلِه ﷺ: " لَا تزَال الْمَسْأَلَة بأحدكم حَتَّى يَأْتِي يَوْم الْقِيَامَة وَلَيْسَ فِي وَجهه مزعه لحم ". وَقَالَ: " من سَأَلَ النَّاس وَله مَا يُغْنِيه جَاءَت
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