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that the prohibition of wine was revealed concerning two tribes from the tribes of the Anṣār. They drank until they were intoxicated, then they began to play with each other. When they sobered up, a man would see marks on his face, head, and beard, and say, "My brother did this to me—and they were brothers with no grudges among them! By Allāh! If he were compassionate and merciful to me, he would not have done this!" Thus, grudges fell into their hearts, and Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed: "Intoxicants and gambling" up to His saying: "So will you not desist?" Some people said: "It is an abomination, and it is in the stomach of so-and-so who was killed on the Day of Badr, and so-and-so who was killed on the Day of Uḥud?!" So Allāh revealed: "There is no sin upon those who believe and do righteous deeds for what they have consumed if they fear Allāh, believe, and do righteous deeds." It was recorded by al-Nasāʾī in "al-Kubrā" (11151), al-Ḥākim (2/141-142), al-Bayhaqī (8/285-288), and al-Ṭabarānī in "al-Kabīr" (12/56-57/12459). Al-Ḥākim authenticated it, and al-Dhahabī said in his "Talkhīṣ": "I say: it is according to the conditions of Muslim." Al-Haythamī said (7/18): "It was narrated by al-Ṭabarānī, and its men are the men of (the authentic collections)." I say: it is as they said; however, there is slight criticism regarding Rabīʿah ibn Kulthūm ibn Jabr and his father, which does not lower their ḥadīth from the rank of ḥasan. Al-Ḥāfiẓ authenticated it in "al-Fatḥ" (10/31). It was corroborated by Simāk from ʿIkrimah from Ibn ʿAbbās with the latter part of it regarding the revelation of the verse: "There is no sin upon those who believe..." It was recorded by al-Tirmidhī (3052), al-Ḥākim (4/143), Ibn Jarīr (7/24), and Aḥmad (1/295). Al-Tirmidhī said:
نزل تحريم الخمر في قبيلتين من قبائل الأنصار، شربوا حتى إذا نهلوا؛ عبثبعضهم ببعض، فلما صحوا؛ جعل الرجل يرى الأثر بوجهه وبرأسه وبلحيته،فيقول: قد فعل بي هذا أخي- وكانوا إخوةً ليس بينهم ضغائن-! والله! لو كانبي رؤوفاً رحيماً ما فعل بي هذا! فوقعت في قلوبهم الضغائن، فأنزل الله عزوجل: " إنما الخمر والميسر" إلى قوله: "فهل أنتم منتهون". فقال ناس: هي رجس، وهي في بطن فلان قتل يوم بدر، وفلان قتل يومأحد؟! فأنزل الله ﷿: "ليس على الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات جناحفيما طعموا إذا ما اتقوا وآمنوا وعملوا الصالحات". أخرجه النسائي في «الكبرى» (١١١٥١) ، والحاكم (٢/ ١٤١- ١٤٢) ، والبيهقي(٨/ ٢٨٥- ٢٨٨) ، والطبراني في «الكبير» (١٢/ ٥٦ ـ ٥٧/١٢٤٥٩) .وصححه الحاكم، وقال الذهبي في «تلخيصه» :«قلت: على شرط مسلم» . وقال الهيثمي (٧/١٨) :«رواه الطبراني، ورجاله رجال (الصحيح) » .قلت: وهو كما قالا؛ لكن في ربيعة بن كلثوم بن جبر وأبيه كلام يسير لاينزل به حديثهما عن مرتبة الحسن. وصححه الحافظ في «الفتح» (١٠/٣١) .وقد تابعه سماك عن عكرمة عن ابن عباس بالشطر الأخير منه في نزول آية:"ليس على الذين آمنوا ... ". أخرجه الترمذي (٣٠٥٢) ، والحاكم (٤/١٤٣) ، وا بن جرير (٧/ ٢٤) ، وأحمد(١/٢٩٥) . وقال الترمذي:
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