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al-Ashbāl al-Zuhayrī in his commentary on it, mentioned several supporting narrations, one of which he authenticated from the ḥadīth of Abū Juhm, which is recorded in "al-Rawḍ" from the narration of Aḥmad and others. (Benefit): Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr said following the ḥadīth: "The meaning is that two people dispute over a verse; one denies it and rejects it, or falls into doubt about it. That is the disputation which is disbelief. As for the disagreements regarding the rulings and meanings of the Quran, the Companions of the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) disputed much over that. This clarifies for you that the disputation which is disbelief is denial and doubt, as He, the Exalted, said: 'And those who disbelieve will not cease to be in doubt about it' (Sūrah al-Ḥajj, 55). Disputation and quarrelling are not permissible in any form; they are condemned in every language, and the righteous predecessors forbade argumentation about Allāh, Glorified be His praise, in His attributes and names. As for fiqh, they unanimously agreed on debate and discussion in it because it is a science that requires referring branches back to the roots due to the need for that. Beliefs are not like that because Allāh, the Exalted, is only described as He described Himself or as His Messenger (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) described Him, or as the ummah has unanimously agreed upon. There is nothing like Him that can be comprehended by analogy or deep contemplation, and we have been forbidden from pondering over Allāh and commanded to ponder over His creation which indicates Him." *
الأشبال الزهيري في تعليقه عليه، فقد ذكر له عدة شواهد صحح أحدها من حديث أبي جهم، وهو مخرج في "الروض " من رواية أحمد وغيره. (فائدة) : قال ابن عبد البر عقب الحديث:"والمعنى: أن يتمارى اثنان في آية؛ يجحدها أحدهما ويدفعها، أو يصير فيها إلى الشك، فذلك هو المراء الذي هو الكفر. وأما التنازع في أحكام القرآن ومعانيه؛ فقد تنازع أصحاب رسول الله ﷺ في كثير من ذلك، وهذا يبين لك أن المراء الذي هو الكفر: هو الجحود والشك كما قال ﷿: ﴿ولا يزال الذين كفروا في مرية منه﴾ [الحج: ٥٥] ، والمراء والملاحاة غير جائز شيء منهما؛ وهما مذمومان بكل لسان، ونهى السلف ﵃ عن الجدال في الله جل ثناؤه في صفاته وأسمائه. وأما الفقه؛ فأجمعوا على الجدال فيه والتناظر؛ لأنه علم يحتاج فيه إلى رد الفروع على الأصول للحاجة إلى ذلك، وليس الاعتقادات كذلك؛ لأن الله ﷿ لا يوصف إلا بما وصف به نفسه أو وصفه به رسول الله ﷺ أو أجمعت عليه الأمة، وليس كمثله شيء فيدرك بقياس أو بإنعام نظر، وقد نهينا عن التفكر في الله، وأمرنا بالتفكر في خلقه الدال عليه (١) ". *
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- (Whoever learned archery and then abandoned it is not from us, or he has disobeyed). It was recorded by Muslim (6/52), Abū ʿAwānah (5/102-103), al-Bayhaqī in "al-Sunan" (10/13), al-Rūyānī in "Musnad" (1/163/195), and al-Ṭabarānī in "al-Muʿjam"
- (من علِم الرمي ثم تركه؛ فليسَ منّا، أو قد عصَى) .أخرجه مسلم (٦/٥٢) ، وأبو عوانة (٥/١٠٢-١٠٣) ، والبيهقي في "السنن " (١٠/١٣) ، والرُُّّوياني في "مسنده " (١/١٦٣/١٩٥) ، والطبراني في " المعجم
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