"It was narrated by Aḥmad, and in it is a man who was not named, but the rest of its narrators are trustworthy." I said: And likewise, it was extracted by al-Bayhaqī (6/155) through another chain from Hushaym with it, then he said: "And we have written it from the ḥadīth of Musaddad from Hushaym: ʿAwf informed us, Muḥammad ibn Sīrīn narrated to us from Abū Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said: and he mentioned it. Abū al-Ḥasan al-Muqri informed us... " Then he traced the chain to Musaddad with it. And Musaddad is trustworthy, one of the narrators of al-Bukhārī, but in the chain to him is someone I do not know. The ḥāfiẓ al-Zaylaʿī in "Naṣb al-Rāyah" (4/292) and likewise the ḥāfiẓ al-ʿAsqalānī in "al-Talkhīṣ" (p. 256) did not address this chain. And Allāh knows best. And the ḥadīth has a corroborating narration from ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mughaffal, raised with the wording: "Whoever digs a well, he has forty cubits as a watering place for his livestock." It was extracted by al-Dārimī (2/273) and Ibn Mājah (2/96) through the route of Ismāʿīl ibn Muslim al-Makkī from al-Ḥasan from him. And this is a weak chain with two defects: the first is the ʿanʿanah of al-Ḥasan, who was al-Baṣrī, as he was a mudallis. The other is the weakness of Ismāʿīl ibn Muslim al-Makkī. The ḥāfiẓ said in "al-Taqrīb": "He was a jurist, weak in ḥadīth." And he said in "al-Talkhīṣ" (256) after attributing it to Ibn Mājah alone: "And in its chain is Ismāʿīl ibn Muslim, who is weak, and al-Ṭabarānī extracted it through the route of Ashʿath from al-Ḥasan, and in the chapter from Abū Hurayrah with Aḥmad." I said: As long as Ashʿath has followed him, then it is more appropriate to attribute the weakness of the ḥadīth to the first defect, as is not hidden. And this Ashʿath is one of four, all of whom narrate from al-Ḥasan:
"رواه أحمد، وفيه رجل لم يسم، وبقية رجاله ثقات". قلت: وهكذا أخرجه البيهقي (٦ / ١٥٥) من طريق أخرى عن هشيم به ثم قال: "وقد كتبناه من حديث مسدد عن هشيم: أخبرنا عوف حدثنا محمد بن سيرين عن أبي هريرة أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: فذكره. أخبرناه أبو الحسن المقري... ". ثم ساق السند إلى مسدد به. ومسدد ثقة من رجال البخاري، لكن في السند إليه من لم أعرفه. ولم يتعرض الحافظ الزيلعي في "نصب الراية" (٤ / ٢٩٢) وكذا الحافظ العسقلاني في "التلخيص" (ص ٢٥٦) لهذه الطريق. والله أعلم. وللحديث شاهد من رواية عبد الله بن مغفل مرفوعا بلفظ: "من حفر بئرا فله أربعون ذراعا عطنا لماشيته". أخرجه الدارمي (٢ / ٢٧٣) وابن ماجه (٢ / ٩٦) من طريق إسماعيل بن مسلم المكي عن الحسن عنه. وهذا سند ضعيف وله علتان: الأولى: عنعنة الحسن وهو البصري فقد كان مدلسا. والأخرى: ضعف إسماعيل بن مسلم المكي قال الحافظ في "التقريب": "كان فقيها، ضعيف الحديث". وقال في "التلخيص" (٢٥٦) بعد أن عزاه لابن ماجه وحده: "وفي سنده إسماعيل بن مسلم وهو ضعيف، وقد أخرجه الطبراني من طريق أشعث عن الحسن، وفي الباب عن أبي هريرة عند أحمد". قلت: فما دام أنه قد تابعه أشعث، فإعلال الحديث بالعلة الأولى أولى كما لا يخفى. وأشعث هذا واحد من أربعة، كلهم يروون عن الحسن: