3- As for the ḥadīth of Ibn ʿAbbās, it is narrated by Abū Yaḥyá from him: that two men disputed before the Prophet (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam), and the Prophet (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) asked the claimant for evidence, but he had no evidence, so he asked the defendant to swear, and he swore by Allāh, the One besides whom there is no deity! The Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said: "You have done so, but you are forgiven for your sincere declaration: There is no deity but Allāh." It was recorded by Abū Dāwūd (3275); and from him by al-Bayhaqī, and Aḥmad (1/253 and 289 and 2/70) through the chain of Ḥammād ibn Salamah from ʿAṭāʾ ibn al-Sāʾib from Abū Yaḥyá with it. Then it was recorded by Abū Dāwūd (3620) from Abū al-Aḥwaṣ— in a shortened form— and by al-Ḥākim (4/95-96) from ʿAbd al-Wārith, and by Aḥmad (1/299 and 322) from Sharīk; all three from ʿAṭāʾ with it. Al-Ḥākim said: "Its chain is authentic." Al-Dhahabī agreed with him. I say: ʿAṭāʾ— who is Ibn al-Sāʾib— had become confused, and Shaykh Aḥmad Shākir (may Allāh have mercy on him) claimed in his commentary on "al-Musnad" (4/75) that its chain is authentic, and that Ḥammād ibn Salamah heard from ʿAṭāʾ before the confusion, and the commentator on "Musnad Abī Yaʿlá" (10/56) followed him in that, but it is countered by the fact that Ḥammād also heard from ʿAṭāʾ after the confusion, as al-Ḥāfiẓ inferred at the end of ʿAṭāʾ's biography, so it remains uncertain. Yes; it was narrated from ʿAṭāʾ by Sufyān al-Thawrī— as al-Bayhaqī mentioned it, and al-Nasāʾī connected it in "al-Qaḍāʾ" from "al-Sunan al-Kubrā"— through the chain of Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Samrah— who is trustworthy— from Wakīʿ from Sufyān with it, as in "Tuhfat al-Mizzī" (4/390). Through this chain, the ḥadīth becomes authentic; because Sufyān al-Thawrī heard from ʿAṭāʾ before the confusion by consensus, and Abū Yaḥyá; Abū Dāwūd said after the ḥadīth: