regarding the hearing of ʿIkrimah—who was the freed slave of Ibn ʿAbbās—from ʿĀʾishah, he affirmed it in one instance and denied it in another, but the one who affirms is given precedence over the one who denies, as is established in the principles of jurisprudence. The ḥadīth clearly indicates that if a disbeliever accepts Islam, his righteous deeds performed during the pre-Islamic period benefit him, unlike if he dies in disbelief, in which case they do not benefit him and are nullified by his disbelief. This has been previously elaborated in the ḥadīth before this one. It also serves as evidence that the people of the pre-Islamic period who died before the prophetic mission of Muḥammad are not among those who lived in a period of no prophetic message, as if they were, Ibn Judʿān would not deserve punishment, nor would his righteous deeds be nullified. There are many other ḥadīths on this topic, some of which we have previously mentioned.

"There is no harm, nor reciprocating harm." This is an authentic ḥadīth reported as mursal and narrated as connected from Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbbās, ʿUbādah ibn al-Ṣāmit, ʿĀʾishah, Abū Hurayrah, Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh, and Thaʿlabah ibn Mālik (raḍiya Allāhu ʿanhum). As for the mursal, Mālik said in "al-Muwaṭṭaʾ" (2/218): from ʿAmr ibn Yaḥyá al-Māzinī from his father that the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said: and he mentioned it. I say: This is an authentic mursal chain. It has also been narrated as connected from Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī, narrated by ʿUthmān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿUthmān ibn Rabīʿah ibn Abī ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, who said: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Muḥammad al-Darāwardī narrated to us from ʿAmr ibn Yaḥyá al-Māzinī from his father from Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī that the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said: and he mentioned it and added: "Whoever harms, Allāh will harm him, and whoever acts with hostility, Allāh will act with hostility against him." It was recorded by al-Ḥākim (2/57-58) and al-Bayhaqī (6/69-70) who said: "ʿUthmān ibn Muḥammad alone narrated it from al-Darāwardī."