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1. al-Qāsim, who is the son of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān and a companion of Abū Umāmah, is a subject of differing opinions, but it is generally agreed that his ḥadīth is considered good if it does not contradict [other sources]. 2. ʿAlī ibn Yazīd, who is al-Alhānī, is weak as mentioned in "al-Taqrīb," but he was not abandoned as al-Dhahabī stated in "al-Kāshif." 3. Muʿān ibn Rafāʿah is considered lenient in ḥadīth as stated by the ḥāfiẓ. It appears from these brief biographies that the isnād is not severely weak, so it can be used as supporting evidence. The ḥadīth has been narrated separately from a group of Companions except for the first section, for which I have not found supporting evidence in the sunnah in what is currently available to me. However, the Qur'an suffices as testimony. That is His saying: "And never will the Jews or the Christians approve of you until you follow their religion. Say, 'Indeed, the guidance of Allāh is the [only] guidance.' If you were to follow their desires after what has come to you of knowledge, you would have against Allāh no protector or helper." (al-Baqarah, 120). And His saying: "Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was one inclining toward truth, a Muslim [submitting to Allāh]. And he was not of the polytheists." (Āl ʿImrān, 67). And His saying: "Indeed, the most worthy of Abraham among the people are those who followed him [in submission to Allāh] and this prophet, and those who believe [in his message]. And Allāh is the ally of the believers." (Āl ʿImrān, 68). As for the second section, it has been narrated from ʿĀʾishah, Jābir, Ḥabīb ibn Abī Thābit, and Ibn ʿAbbās. Regarding the ḥadīth of ʿĀʾishah, it is narrated by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī al-Zinād from his father, who said: ʿUrwah told me that ʿĀʾishah said on that day—meaning the day the Abyssinians played in the mosque and ʿĀʾishah watched them—"Let the Jews know that there is room in our religion. I was sent with a ḥanīfiyyah that is easy." It was recorded by Aḥmad (6/116/233) and al-Daylamī in "Musnad al-Firdaws" (2/1/4)
١ - القاسم - وهو ابن عبد الرحمن صاحب أبي أمامة - مختلف فيه، والمتقررفيه أنه حسن الحديث إذا لم يخالف. ٢ - علي بن يزيد - وهو الألهاني - ضعيف كمافي " التقريب "، ولكنه لم يترك كما قال الذهبي في " الكاشف ". ٣ - معان بنرفاعة، لين الحديث كما قال الحافظ. ويبدو من هذه التراجم الموجزة أن السندليس شديد الضعف، فيمكن الاستشهاد به، فقد جاء الحديث مفرقا عن جمع من الصحابةإلا الفقرة الأولى، فلم أجد ما يشهد لها في السنة فيما يحضرني الآن. ولكنحسبك القرآن شهادة. ألا وهو قوله تعالى: * (ولن ترضى عنك اليهود ولاالنصارى حتى تتبع ملتهم قل إن هدى الله هو الهدى ولئن اتبعت أهواءهم بعد الذيجاءك من العلم ما لك من الله من ولي ولا نصير) * (البقرة: ١٢٠) . وقوله:* (ما كان إبراهيم يهوديا ولا نصرانيا، ولكن كان حنيفا مسلما وما كان منالمشركين) * (آل عمران: ٦٧) . وقوله: * (إن أولى الناس بإبراهيم للذيناتبعوه وهذا النبي والذين آمنوا والله ولي المؤمنين) * (آل عمران: ٦٨) . وأما الفقرة الثانية، فقد رويت من حديث عائشة، وجابر، وحبيب بن أبي ثابت، وابن عباس. أما حديث عائشة، فيرويه عبد الرحمن بن أبي الزناد عن أبيه قال: قال لي عروة: إن عائشة قالت يومئذ - يعني يوم لعب الحبشة في المسجد، ونظرتعائشة إليهم -: " لتعلم يهود أن في ديننا فسحة، إني أرسلت بحنيفية سمحة ". أخرجه أحمد (٦ / ١١٦ / ٢٣٣) والديلمي في " مسند الفردوس " (٢ / ١ / ٤) .
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