due to the explicit statement of Allāh, "Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves, [the angels] will say, 'In what [condition] were you?' They will say, 'We were oppressed in the land.' [The angels] will say, 'Was not the earth of Allāh spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?' For those, their refuge is Hell - and evil it is as a destination. Except for the oppressed among men, women, and children who cannot devise a plan nor are they directed to a way. For those it is expected that Allāh will pardon them, and Allāh is ever Pardoning and Forgiving. And whoever emigrates for the cause of Allāh will find on the earth many [alternative] locations and abundance. And whoever leaves his home as an emigrant to Allāh and His Messenger and then death overtakes him - his reward has already become incumbent upon Allāh. And Allāh is ever Forgiving and Merciful." (Sūrah al-Nisāʾ, 97-100). Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Kathīr said in his "Tafsīr" (1/542): "This noble verse was revealed generally concerning anyone who resides among the polytheists while being able to emigrate and is not able to establish the religion. He is wronging himself, committing a sin by consensus, and by the explicit text of this verse." And it is beyond doubt for the knowledgeable jurist that the generality of the verse indicates more than just emigration from the lands of disbelief. Imām al-Qurṭubī explicitly stated this, saying in his "Tafsīr" (5/346): "This verse is evidence for abandoning the land where sins are committed. Saʿīd ibn Jubayr said: If sins are being committed in a land, then leave it, and he recited: 'Was not the earth of Allāh spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?'" This narration was reported by Ibn Abī Ḥātim in his "Tafsīr" (2/174/1) with an authentic chain from Saʿīd. Al-Ḥāfiẓ referred to it in "al-Fatḥ" saying (8/263): "Saʿīd ibn Jubayr derived from this verse the obligation to emigrate from the land where sin is committed."