upon me, so it was held back for him until Allāh granted him victory, "and they seized the spoils." He said: They gathered what they had seized, and the fire came to consume it, but it refused to devour it. "Whenever they seized spoils, Allāh would send a fire upon it, and it would consume it." He said: There is treachery among you, so let a man from each tribe pledge allegiance to me. They pledged allegiance, and the hand of one man stuck to his hand. He said: There is treachery among you, so let your tribe pledge allegiance to me. They pledged allegiance, and the hand of two or three men stuck to his hand. He said: There is treachery among you, you have committed treachery. "They said: Yes, we have hidden a golden image of a cow's face." He said: So they brought out for him something like the head of a golden cow. He said: They placed it with the wealth, and it was on the plain, and the fire came and consumed it. Spoils were not permissible for anyone before us, because Allāh, Blessed and Exalted, saw our weakness and incapacity, so He made them lawful for us. "In another narration," the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said at that time: Indeed, Allāh has provided us with the spoils as a mercy to us and an alleviation, because He knew of our weakness. This is an authentic and significant ḥadīth, preserved for us by Abū Hurayrah (raḍiya Allāhu ʿanhu), and there are four chains of transmission from him: The first: Imām Aḥmad (2/325) said: Aswad ibn ʿĀmir narrated to us, Abū Bakr narrated from Hishām from Ibn Sīrīn from Abū Hurayrah who said: The Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) said... and he mentioned the first narration. Similarly, al-Ṭaḥāwī included it in "Mushkil al-Āthār" (2/10) through two other chains from al-Aswad ibn ʿĀmir. I say: This is a good isnād, all its men are trustworthy according to the standards of the two Shaykhs except for Abū Bakr, who is Ibn ʿAyyāsh, as he is only from the men of al-Bukhārī, and there is some discussion about him, but his ḥadīth does not fall below the rank of ḥasan. The best I have read about him is Ibn Ḥibbān's statement in his biography in "al-Thiqāt" (2/324):
علي شيئا، فحبست عليه، حتى فتح الله عليه، " فغنموا الغنائم "، قال: فجمعوا ما غنموا، فأقبلت النار لتأكله، فأبت أن تطعمه " وكانوا إذا غنموا الغنمية بعث الله تعالى عليها النار فأكلتها ". فقال: فيكم غلول، فليبايعني من كل قبيلة رجل، فبايعوه، فلصقت يد رجل بيده، فقال: فيكم الغلول، فلتبايعني قبيلتك، فبايعته، قال: فلصقت بيد رجلين أو ثلاثة " يده "، فقال: فيكم الغلول، أنتم غللتم، " قال: أجل قد غللنا صورة وجه بقرة من ذهب ". قال: فأخرجوه له مثل رأس بقرة من ذهب، قال: فوضعوه في المال، وهو بالصعيد، فأقبلت النار فأكلته، فلم تحل الغنائم لأحد من قبلنا، ذلك بأن الله تبارك وتعالى رأى ضعفنا وعجزنا فطيبها لنا، " وفي رواية " فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عند ذلك: إن الله أطعمنا الغنائم رحمة بنا وتخفيفا، لما علم من ضعفنا ". هذا حديث صحيح جليل، مما حفظه لنا أبو هريرة ﵁ وله عنه أربع طرق: الأولى: قال الإمام أحمد (٢ / ٣٢٥) . حدثنا أسود بن عامر، حدثنا أبو بكر عن هشام عن ابن سيرين عن أبي هريرة قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ.... فذكر الرواية الأولى. وهكذا أخرجه الطحاوي في " مشكل الآثار " (٢ / ١٠) من طريقين آخرين عن الأسود بن عامر به. قلت: وهذا إسناد جيد، رجاله كلهم ثقات من رجال الشيخين عدا أبا بكر وهو ابن عياش، فإنه من رجال البخاري وحده، وفيه كلام، لا ينزل به حديثه عن رتبة الحسن، وأحسن ما قرأت فيه قول ابن حبان في ترجمته من " الثقات " (٢ / ٣٢٤) :