and al-Bayhaqī (6/31) through two chains from Sufyān, from Ḥanẓalah, from Ṭāwūs, from Ibn ʿUmar as a marfūʿ ḥadīth. I said: This chain is authentic as stated by Ibn al-Mulaqqin in "al-Khulāṣah" (64-65), and it was authenticated by Ibn Ḥibbān, al-Dāraqutnī, al-Nawawī, Ibn Daqīq al-ʿĪd, and al-ʿAlāʾī as mentioned in "Fayḍ al-Qadīr." Some narrated it from Sufyān with the wording "from Ibn ʿAbbās" instead of "Ibn ʿUmar," which is a mistake as I clarified in the referencing of the ḥadīths of the "Encyclopedia of Fiqh Transactions," and then in "al-Irwāʾ" (1331). Imām Abū Jaʿfar al-Ṭaḥāwī (may Allāh have mercy on him) said: "We examined this ḥadīth and found that Mecca did not have fruits or crops at that time, and it was the same before that era. Do you not see the words of Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him): (Our Lord, I have settled some of my descendants in an uncultivated valley) (Ibrāhīm, 37)? It was merely a trading city where pilgrims would bring their goods to sell. Medina, on the other hand, was different because it was a land of date palms, and its fruits were their livelihood. Alms would enter it, and the obligatory charity was taken in measure. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ made all the cities follow these two cities. People needed to weigh the prices of what they bought and other transactions involving goods, paying zakāt, and other uses. The sunnah prohibited the exchange of weighed items for weighed items and measured items for measured items, but permitted the exchange of measured for weighed and weighed for measured, and prohibited selling weighed for weighed except like for like, and selling measured for measured except like for like. The weight standard was based on what was used in Mecca, and the measure was based on the measure of the people of Medina, without change. Even if people altered it from what it was to its opposite, they would revert to knowing the measured items according to the measure of the people of that time, and the weighed items