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expanding the meaning of the verse and the inclusion of ʿAlī and his family in it, as explained by the ḥāfiẓ Ibn Kathīr and others. Likewise, the ḥadīth of "the family" has been clarified by the Prophet (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) to mean his household (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) in the comprehensive sense, including his wives and ʿAlī and his family. Therefore, al-Turbushtī said—as mentioned in "al-Mirqāt" (5/600): "The family of a man: his household and close kin. Due to their varied uses of 'the family,' the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) clarified by saying: 'My household,' to indicate that he meant his descendants, close kin, and his wives." The other aspect is that the intended meaning of "the household" is the righteous scholars among them who adhere to the book and the sunnah. Imām Abū Jaʿfar al-Ṭaḥāwī, may Allāh have mercy on him, said: "(The family) are his household (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) who are upon his religion and adhere to his command." Shaykh ʿAlī al-Qārī mentioned something similar in the previously referenced place. Then it was inferred that the reason for specifying the household in mention is what he conveyed by saying: "The household is often more knowledgeable about the person of the house and his conditions. Thus, the intended meaning is the scholars among them who are informed about his biography, aware of his way, and knowledgeable about his rulings and wisdom." With this, it is appropriate to be compared to the Book of Allāh, as He said: *"And He teaches them the Book and wisdom."* I said: And similarly, His saying in addressing his wives (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) in the preceding verse of purification: *"And remember what is recited in your houses of the verses of Allāh and wisdom."* It becomes clear that the intended meaning of (the household) is those among them who adhere to his sunnah (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam), so it is the primary focus in the ḥadīth. Therefore, it was made one of the (two weighty things) in the ḥadīth of Zayd ibn Arqam, corresponding to the first weighty thing, which is the Quran. This is what Ibn al-Athīr refers to in "al-Nihāyah": "He called them (two weighty things) because holding onto them (meaning the book and the sunnah) and acting upon them is burdensome. It is said that anything of great importance and value is called (weighty), so he called them (two weighty things) to magnify their value and elevate their status."
توسيع دلالة الآية ودخول علي وأهله فيها كما بينه الحافظ ابن كثير وغيره، وكذلك حديث " العترة " قد بين النبي ﷺ أن المقصود أهل بيتهﷺ بالمعنى الشامل لزوجاته وعلي وأهله. ولذلك قال التوربشتي - كما في " المرقاة " (٥ / ٦٠٠) : " عترة الرجل: أهل بيته ورهطه الأدنون، ولاستعمالهم " العترة " على أنحاء كثيرة بينها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بقوله: " أهل بيتي " ليعلم أنه أراد بذلك نسله وعصابته الأدنين وأزواجه ". والوجه الآخر: أن المقصود من " أهل البيت " إنما هم العلماء الصالحون منهم والمتمسكون بالكتاب والسنة، قال الإمام أبو جعفر الطحاوي رحمه الله تعالى: " (العترة) هم أهل بيته ﷺ الذين هم على دينه وعلى التمسك بأمره ". وذكر نحوه الشيخ علي القاريء في الموضع المشار إليه آنفا. ثم استظهر أن الوجه في تخصيص أهل البيت بالذكر ما أفاده بقوله: " إن أهل البيت غالبا يكونون أعرف بصاحب البيت وأحواله، فالمراد بهم أهل العلم منهم المطلعون على سيرته الواقفون على طريقته العارفون بحكمه وحكمته. وبهذا يصلح أن يكون مقابلا لكتاب الله سبحانه كما قال: * (ويعلمهم الكتاب والحكمة) * ". قلت: ومثله قوله تعالى في خطاب أزواجه ﷺ في آية التطهير المتقدمة: * (واذكرن ما يتلى في بيوتكن من آيات الله والحكمة) *. فتبين أن المراد بـ (أهل البيت) المتمسكين منهم بسنته ﷺ، فتكون هي المقصود بالذات في الحديث، ولذلك جعلها أحد (الثقلين) في حديث زيد بن أرقم المقابل للثقل الأول وهو القرآن، وهو ما يشير إليه قول ابن الأثير في "النهاية ": " سماهما (ثقلين) لأن الآخذ بهما (يعني الكتاب والسنة) والعمل بهما ثقيل، ويقال لكل خطير نفيس (ثقل) ، فسماهما (ثقلين) إعظاما لقدرهما وتفخيما لشأنهما ".
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