this, and perhaps the meaning of these rivers being from Paradise is that their origin is from there, just as the origin of humankind is from Paradise. Thus, the ḥadīth does not contradict what is known and observed, that these rivers spring from their known sources on earth. If this is not the meaning or something similar, then the ḥadīth pertains to matters of the unseen, which must be believed in and accepted from the one who reports them: "But no, by your Lord, they will not [truly] believe until they make you, [O Muḥammad], judge concerning that over which they dispute among themselves and then find within themselves no discomfort from what you have judged and submit in [full, willing] submission." (Sūrah An-Nisāʾ, 65)

"Whoever says: 'There is no deity except Allāh, alone, without partner. To Him belongs sovereignty and to Him is due all praise, and He is over all things competent' ten times after the morning prayer, Allāh will write for him ten good deeds, erase ten bad deeds, raise him ten degrees, and it will be equivalent to freeing two slaves from the descendants of Ismāʿīl. If he says it in the evening, he will have the same reward and it will be a protection for him from Satan until the morning." It was narrated by al-Ḥasan ibn ʿArafah in his collection (5/1): Qirān ibn Tamām al-Asadī narrated to us from Suhayl ibn Abī Ṣāliḥ from his father from Abū Hurayrah in a marfūʿ form. Through the route of Ibn ʿArafah, it was narrated by al-Khaṭīb in "Tārīkh" (12/389, 472). I say: This isnād is authentic; its narrators are trustworthy, the narrators of Muslim, except for Qirān, who is trustworthy. It has a supporting narration from the ḥadīth of Abū Ayyūb al-Anṣārī with the wording: "Whoever says: when he prays the morning prayer..." and he mentioned it in full