the eye. The second point is to consider the preference of the negation of the dirham from so-and-so over the negation of the dinar from him. The meaning of this is that the state of this mentioned person in poverty is known among the people. The poor person is usually denied ownership of trivial things, not ownership of large amounts of money, so the denial of the ownership of the dirham from him in existence is more than the denial of the dinar from him, meaning: more than that. It is said: "faḍl ʿanhu" and "ʿalayhi" meaning increased. And "faḍlan" in the first estimation is a condition, and in the second, a source, and these are the two aspects mentioned by al-Fārisī, but the direction of the grammatical analysis is contrary to what was mentioned. [And the direction of the meaning is contrary to what they mentioned, because the conformity of the expression and the meaning is only clear according to what I directed, not according to what they directed.] And perhaps those who are not well-acquainted with the figurative expressions of the Arabs in their speech might criticize what I mentioned due to the frequent omissions, as it is said:
والثاني: أنْ يُقدّرَ فضل (٢٥٠) انتفاء الدرهم عن فلان فضلاً (٢٥١) عن انتفاء الدينار عنه (٢٥٢) . ومعنى ذلك أنْ تكون (٢٥٣) حالة هذا المذكور في الفقر (٢٥٤) معروفة عند الناس. والفقير (٢٥٥) إنّما ينفى عنه في العادة مِلك (٢٥٦) الأشياء الحقيرة لا مِلك الأموال الكثيرة، فوقوع نفي ملك الدرهم عنه في الوجود عن وقوع نفي الدينار عنه، أي: أكثر منه. يُقال: فضل عنه وعليه بمعنى زاد. و (فضلاً) على التقدير الأول حال، وعلى الثاني مصدر، وهما الوجهان اللذان ذكرهما الفارسي، لكنّ توجيه الإِعرابين مخالفٌ لما ذكر. [وتوجيه المعنى مخالفٌ لما ذكروا، لأنّه إنما يتضح تطابق اللفظ والمعنى على ما وجَّهتن لا على ما وجَّهوا] (٢٥٧) . ولعلّ مَنْ لم يَقْو (٢٥٨) أُنْسُهُ بتجوّزات (٢٥٩) العرب في كلامها يقدحُ فيما ذكرت بكثرة الحذف، وهو كما قيل (٢٦٠) :