it, and it applies to one who builds near the sides of the grave as well, as in the domes, mosques, and large shrines, in a manner where the grave is in the middle or on one side of them. For this is considered building upon the grave, and this is not hidden from anyone with the slightest understanding, just as it is said: the sultan built a wall around such-and-such a city or village. And just as it is said: so-and-so built a mosque in such-and-such a place, even though the structure's foundation only directly touches the sides of the city, village, or place. There is no difference whether those sides on which the structure is placed are close to the center, as in a small city, small village, or narrow place, or far from the center as in a large city, large village, or wide place. Whoever claims that the Arabic language prevents this usage is ignorant, does not know the Arabic language, does not understand its tongue, and is unaware of how it is used in speech. Once this is established for you, you will know that the raising of graves and the placing of domes, mosques, and shrines upon them has been cursed by the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallá Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam) at times, as previously mentioned. At other times, he said: "The wrath of Allāh is severe upon people who took the graves of their prophets as mosques," thus invoking that the wrath of Allāh be severe upon them for committing this sin. This is established in the authentic [ḥadīth], and at other times he prohibited it. At other times, he sent someone to demolish it, and at other times, he attributed it to the actions of the Jews and Christians